Science子刊封面：人体试验证实，“吃屎”能够治疗食物过敏

TL;DR - A Harvard Medical School/Boston Children's Hospital phase 1 open-label trial published in Science Translational Medicine (Aug 5, 2026) showed that oral fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) capsules from healthy donors raised peanut-protein tolerance in 6 of 15 severely peanut-allergic patients, with mouse work pinpointing Bacteroides-derived bile acid metabolites as the mechanism. It is the first human evidence that microbiome transfer can treat food allergy.

• Trial design: 15 severe peanut-allergy patients (reacting to >100 mg peanut protein) received odorless/tasteless capsules of donor gut bacteria; at 4 months, 1 tolerated 300 mg and 5 tolerated ≥600 mg, with no safety issues and some durable responses.
• Antibiotic pretreatment was not decisive: 3/10 responded without pretreatment vs 3/5 with it; non-responders were hypothesized to have failed bacterial engraftment.
• Immune mechanism: responders showed increased tolerogenic RORγt+ regulatory T cells and decreased TH2 cells; transferring responder microbiota into mice conferred protection alongside RORγt+ Treg expansion and gut Bacteroides colonization.
• Causal link to bile acids: protection in both humans and mice tracked with elevated bile acid metabolites, and knocking out bile salt hydrolase in Bacteroides abolished the anti-allergy effect. A larger trial is underway. Note: this is a biomedical/microbiome study with no AI component despite the digest framing.