Nature Medicine：裸盖菇素治疗难治性重度抑郁症

TL;DR - A King's College London randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility trial published in Nature Medicine (Aug 6, 2026) tested single-dose 25 mg psilocybin-assisted therapy for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder within the UK NHS. It matters because it moves psychedelic therapy out of specialist research settings into a public healthcare system, where access to existing TRD options (ketamine, ECT, rTMS) is limited.

• 60 participants meeting DSM-5 MDD criteria with non-response to ≥2 antidepressants (or 1 antidepressant plus ≥1 psychotherapy) were randomized 1:1, balanced by age, sex, and prior psilocybin exposure; 59 completed MADRS at all follow-up timepoints over 6 weeks.
• Intervention was a single 25 mg psilocybin dose (vs placebo) wrapped in preparation, in-session support, and post-dose integration therapy; primary outcomes were feasibility metrics — recruitment, retention, and estimation of MADRS variability — not efficacy.
• Adjusted between-group MADRS difference at week 3 was −10.41 favoring psilocybin, with the effect sustained at week 6.
• Non-serious adverse events totaled 123 (placebo) vs 164 (psilocybin); authors conclude the results support proceeding to a larger confirmatory trial.

Note: this is a feasibility-stage trial, so the efficacy signal is preliminary and not powered for definitive conclusions.