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Perpendicular switching of polarization in layered ferroelectrics

Nature Ferroelectric Materials Pushpendra Gupta, Sergio Puebla, Fernando Gómez-Ortiz, Xinyan Li, Sajid Husain, Ting-Ran Liu, Peter Meisenheimer, Vishantak Srikrishna, Dmitri Nikonov, Matthew Chen, Yogesh Kumar, Ashish Omar, Koushik Das, Barat Achinuq, Sujoy Roy, Yu-Tsun Shao, Yimo Han, Sayeef Salahuddin, Amrita Mathuriya, Sasikanth Manipatruni, Philippe Ghosez, Javier Junquera, Ramamoorthy Ramesh 2026-07-29

TL;DR - Researchers demonstrate perpendicular polarization switching in layered Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ through trilinear coupling. This enables an out-of-plane electric field to control in-plane polarization.

Demonstrated in the layered ferroelectric Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂.
Uses trilinear coupling to switch the polarization state.
Expands how electric fields can manipulate polarization components.

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