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ELSAA: Efficient Low-Rank and Sparse Attention Approximation for Training Transformers

Research Efficiency & Systems

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TL;DR - ELSAA approximates Transformer attention with complementary sparse and low-rank branches, avoiding construction of the full quadratic score matrix. It aims to support longer-context training while retaining both sharp token-level and broad global interactions.

  • Applies approximation to the attention score operator after dense (Q,K,V) projections, not to learned projection or output matrices.
  • Uses sparse attention for selected high-similarity interactions and a low-rank branch for diffuse global context.
  • Introduces denominator-aware fusion to balance branches whose normalization supports contain different attention mass.
  • Avoids materializing the full (N \times N) attention matrix.

Sources (1)

ELSAA: Efficient Low-Rank and Sparse Attention Approximation for Training Transformers

arXiv cs.LG Mahdi Heidari, Mohammad Mahdi Rahimi, Jaekyun Moon 2026-07-22 arXiv:2607.20214
Public signals Semantic Scholar citations 0 · Semantic Scholar influential citations 0
Providers: Hugging Face · N/A OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · Citations 0 · Influential citations 0 X · N/A Fetched 2026-08-18 14:36:42.268224 UTC

TL;DR - ELSAA approximates Transformer attention with complementary sparse and low-rank branches, avoiding construction of the full quadratic score matrix. It aims to support longer-context training while retaining both sharp token-level and broad global interactions.

  • Applies approximation to the attention score operator after dense (Q,K,V) projections, not to learned projection or output matrices.
  • Uses sparse attention for selected high-similarity interactions and a low-rank branch for diffuse global context.
  • Introduces denominator-aware fusion to balance branches whose normalization supports contain different attention mass.
  • Avoids materializing the full (N \times N) attention matrix.
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