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Active few-shot segmentation by reinforcing data selection

Research Medical/Healthcare AI

Merged summary

TL;DR - This paper uses reinforcement learning to jointly select complementary support examples for few-shot medical image segmentation. On cross-institutional pelvic MRI data, it improves adaptation over random selection and existing state-of-the-art methods.

  • The agent selects an entire support set from an unlabeled candidate pool to maximize downstream segmentation performance.
  • Joint optimization accounts for interactions and complementarity between examples, unlike independent sample-scoring approaches.
  • The method targets robust adaptation to new segmentation tasks with very few labeled examples.
  • Results emphasize that capturing target-domain variation across the support set is important for effective adaptation.

Sources (1)

Active few-shot segmentation by reinforcing data selection

arXiv cs.CV Chenlan Zhao, Benny Wong, Timothy F. Lundberg, Ahmed M. Elsayed, Abdallah Aljarkas, Hamad A. Aljamaan, Lynn Karam, Qianye Yang, Yipeng Hu, Claire C. Villette, Shaheer U. Saeed 2026-07-24 arXiv:2607.22371

TL;DR - This paper uses reinforcement learning to jointly select complementary support examples for few-shot medical image segmentation. On cross-institutional pelvic MRI data, it improves adaptation over random selection and existing state-of-the-art methods.

  • The agent selects an entire support set from an unlabeled candidate pool to maximize downstream segmentation performance.
  • Joint optimization accounts for interactions and complementarity between examples, unlike independent sample-scoring approaches.
  • The method targets robust adaptation to new segmentation tasks with very few labeled examples.
  • Results emphasize that capturing target-domain variation across the support set is important for effective adaptation.
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