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Multi-Expert Routing for Multi-Domain Low-Resource OCR: A Manchu Case Study

Research Multimodal & Generative

Merged summary

TL;DR — A study on historical Manchu OCR that routes document pages to style-specialized recognition experts via a lightweight page-level image classifier, showing that reusing fine-tuning checkpoints as domain specialists can match dedicated per-style models even with limited labeled data.

  • Handles three visually distinct writing styles (regular script, semi-cursive chancery/palace memorials, running script) by dispatching pages with an image classifier to the best expert, training a new expert only when the checkpoint pool lacks a suitable one.
  • The routed system matches the selected per-style specialist to two-decimal precision: 0.30% CER (regular), 1.57% (memorials), 4.83% (running script).
  • The router hits 99.3% page-level domain accuracy, matching a domain-label oracle at the same precision.
  • Notably, 2 of 3 chosen specialists were not originally trained for their final domain—checkpoints from iterative fine-tuning generalized as reusable experts; authors release protocol, router design, and per-page predictions for reproducibility.

Sources (1)

Multi-Expert Routing for Multi-Domain Low-Resource OCR: A Manchu Case Study

arXiv cs.CV Zhan Chen, Jiqiao Ma, Chih-wen Kuo 2026-07-15 arXiv:2607.14041

TL;DR — A study on historical Manchu OCR that routes document pages to style-specialized recognition experts via a lightweight page-level image classifier, showing that reusing fine-tuning checkpoints as domain specialists can match dedicated per-style models even with limited labeled data.

  • Handles three visually distinct writing styles (regular script, semi-cursive chancery/palace memorials, running script) by dispatching pages with an image classifier to the best expert, training a new expert only when the checkpoint pool lacks a suitable one.
  • The routed system matches the selected per-style specialist to two-decimal precision: 0.30% CER (regular), 1.57% (memorials), 4.83% (running script).
  • The router hits 99.3% page-level domain accuracy, matching a domain-label oracle at the same precision.
  • Notably, 2 of 3 chosen specialists were not originally trained for their final domain—checkpoints from iterative fine-tuning generalized as reusable experts; authors release protocol, router design, and per-page predictions for reproducibility.
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