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Implicit Neural Representations for Multimodal Longitudinal Image Imputation and Interpolation

Research Medical/Healthcare AI

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TL;DR - A patient-specific conditional implicit neural representation models longitudinal multiparametric MRI as a continuous function of world coordinates, time, and modality, filling in missing sequences and time points. It targets a real clinical pain point: follow-up oncology imaging with missing sequences, heterogeneous protocols, and inconsistent resolutions.

  • Continuous coordinate-space formulation enables both spatial and temporal interpolation without resampling to a fixed voxel grid; stochastic modality dropout during training handles incomplete multimodal data.
  • Evaluated on longitudinal MRI from paediatric brain tumour patients, with statistically significant gains over linear interpolation for T1CE and FLAIR (p < 0.05) and mean MS-SSIM of 0.95 ± 0.02 for T1CE.
  • A self-consistency confidence estimator, derived from cross-modal reconstruction performance at inference time, correlates strongly with true reconstruction quality (Pearson r up to 0.996).
  • The confidence signal is framed as a deployment safeguard for heterogeneous clinical settings, though results come from a single paediatric cohort.

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Implicit Neural Representations for Multimodal Longitudinal Image Imputation and Interpolation

arXiv cs.CV Sina Wendrich, Lukas Förner, Zoe Reinke, Kartikay Tehlan, Ansgar Berlis, Michael Frühwald, Matthias Wagner, Thomas Wendler 2026-08-03 arXiv:2608.02324
Public signals Semantic Scholar citations 0 · Semantic Scholar influential citations 0
Providers: Hugging Face · N/A OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · Citations 0 · Influential citations 0 X · N/A Fetched 2026-08-26 14:38:15.645988 UTC

TL;DR - A patient-specific conditional implicit neural representation models longitudinal multiparametric MRI as a continuous function of world coordinates, time, and modality, filling in missing sequences and time points. It targets a real clinical pain point: follow-up oncology imaging with missing sequences, heterogeneous protocols, and inconsistent resolutions.

  • Continuous coordinate-space formulation enables both spatial and temporal interpolation without resampling to a fixed voxel grid; stochastic modality dropout during training handles incomplete multimodal data.
  • Evaluated on longitudinal MRI from paediatric brain tumour patients, with statistically significant gains over linear interpolation for T1CE and FLAIR (p < 0.05) and mean MS-SSIM of 0.95 ± 0.02 for T1CE.
  • A self-consistency confidence estimator, derived from cross-modal reconstruction performance at inference time, correlates strongly with true reconstruction quality (Pearson r up to 0.996).
  • The confidence signal is framed as a deployment safeguard for heterogeneous clinical settings, though results come from a single paediatric cohort.
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