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TRAJDEBUG: Tracing Error Lifecycle to Identify Critical Failures in Long-Horizon Agent Trajectories

Research LLM Agents

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TL;DR - TrajDebug is a framework for finding the earliest critical error in failed long-horizon LLM agent trajectories, paired with TrajErrBench, a 486-trajectory human-annotated benchmark. It matters because cascading errors in agentic systems are hard to debug, and pinpointing the root-cause step enables targeted fixes.

  • Frames the task as "error-lifecycle tracing": beyond flagging local errors, it tracks each error's resolution status and terminal impact to decide which one actually caused the final failure.
  • Two techniques address long trajectories: multi-granularity history compression (evidence may be scattered across distant instructions, observations, and context) and evidence-based error identification.
  • TrajErrBench contains 486 manually annotated failed trajectories drawn from Tau2Bench (tool use) and SWE-Bench Pro (coding).
  • Reported to achieve best overall performance vs. existing baselines, with application studies showing its diagnoses give actionable feedback that improves downstream agent success; code and data to be released.

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TRAJDEBUG: Tracing Error Lifecycle to Identify Critical Failures in Long-Horizon Agent Trajectories

arXiv cs.AI Yunjia Qi, Zehua Yin, Xintong Shi, Hao Peng, Songyuanyi Lu, Yixian Liu, Richeng Xuan, Yuhong Liu, Zhichao Hu, Xiaozhi Wang, Lei Hou, Bin Xu, Juanzi Li 2026-08-06 arXiv:2608.06346
Public signals Semantic Scholar citations 1 · Semantic Scholar influential citations 0
Providers: Hugging Face · N/A OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · Citations 1 · Influential citations 0 X · N/A Fetched 2026-08-31 14:26:31.718493 UTC

TL;DR - TrajDebug is a framework for finding the earliest critical error in failed long-horizon LLM agent trajectories, paired with TrajErrBench, a 486-trajectory human-annotated benchmark. It matters because cascading errors in agentic systems are hard to debug, and pinpointing the root-cause step enables targeted fixes.

  • Frames the task as "error-lifecycle tracing": beyond flagging local errors, it tracks each error's resolution status and terminal impact to decide which one actually caused the final failure.
  • Two techniques address long trajectories: multi-granularity history compression (evidence may be scattered across distant instructions, observations, and context) and evidence-based error identification.
  • TrajErrBench contains 486 manually annotated failed trajectories drawn from Tau2Bench (tool use) and SWE-Bench Pro (coding).
  • Reported to achieve best overall performance vs. existing baselines, with application studies showing its diagnoses give actionable feedback that improves downstream agent success; code and data to be released.
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