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Every Cache Entry Earns Its Place: Global Allocation of Resolution and Coverage for KV Cache Compression

Research Efficiency & Systems

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TL;DR - GraceKV reformulates KV cache compression as a global resource-allocation problem under a fixed budget, rather than applying fixed token-eviction or merging rules, so cache capacity can flow across layers, heads, and context slots. It matters because KV cache storage and access are a primary bottleneck for long-context LLM inference.

  • Each layer–KV-head–slot combination is treated as an atomic unit represented by a prototype tree: leaves are token-level KV entries, and internal nodes compress their children into a single prototype; a set of non-overlapping nodes forms the unit's representation.
  • Two competing actions trade off globally for the shared budget — adding a new tree root expands information coverage, while splitting a node improves local resolution — letting the method jointly balance coverage and resolution instead of fixing one policy.
  • Training-free, with compression and inference running entirely on GPU.
  • Reported to rank first in 24 of 32 evaluated settings across long-context tasks and compression ratios, remaining robust up to 128Ă— compression.

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Every Cache Entry Earns Its Place: Global Allocation of Resolution and Coverage for KV Cache Compression

arXiv cs.LG Haolin Tian, Yuzhe Liu, Tonghan Wang 2026-08-07 arXiv:2608.07001
Public signals Semantic Scholar citations 0 · Semantic Scholar influential citations 0
Providers: Hugging Face · N/A OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · Citations 0 · Influential citations 0 X · N/A Fetched 2026-08-31 14:24:37.816857 UTC

TL;DR - GraceKV reformulates KV cache compression as a global resource-allocation problem under a fixed budget, rather than applying fixed token-eviction or merging rules, so cache capacity can flow across layers, heads, and context slots. It matters because KV cache storage and access are a primary bottleneck for long-context LLM inference.

  • Each layer–KV-head–slot combination is treated as an atomic unit represented by a prototype tree: leaves are token-level KV entries, and internal nodes compress their children into a single prototype; a set of non-overlapping nodes forms the unit's representation.
  • Two competing actions trade off globally for the shared budget — adding a new tree root expands information coverage, while splitting a node improves local resolution — letting the method jointly balance coverage and resolution instead of fixing one policy.
  • Training-free, with compression and inference running entirely on GPU.
  • Reported to rank first in 24 of 32 evaluated settings across long-context tasks and compression ratios, remaining robust up to 128Ă— compression.
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