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Can Video World Models Track Unobserved World States?

Research Multimodal & Generative

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TL;DR - This paper tests whether video world models can track hidden world states using an action-conditioned Shell Game. Several architectures produce plausible videos but fail beyond the five-swap training horizon, while mechanisms with mutable internal state extrapolate successfully.

  • Bidirectional and autoregressive Transformers, Mamba, and constrained linear attention fall toward chance on longer swap sequences despite maintaining visual quality.
  • Extra denoising steps do not improve tracking because pixel-based diffusion targets provide no supervision for unobserved state.
  • Standard Transformers must repeatedly reconstruct hidden arrangements from history because their append-only KV caches cannot revise state in place.
  • Linear attention with negative transition eigenvalues and nonlinear fast-weight TTT succeed by carrying and updating state across chunks.

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Can Video World Models Track Unobserved World States?

arXiv cs.CV Joonghyuk Shin, Yicong Hong, Jaesik Park, Xun Huang 2026-08-31 arXiv:2608.30692
Public signals Hugging Face upvotes 1
Providers: Hugging Face · Upvotes 1 OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · N/A X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-25 14:25:20.093069 UTC

TL;DR - This paper tests whether video world models can track hidden world states using an action-conditioned Shell Game. Several architectures produce plausible videos but fail beyond the five-swap training horizon, while mechanisms with mutable internal state extrapolate successfully.

  • Bidirectional and autoregressive Transformers, Mamba, and constrained linear attention fall toward chance on longer swap sequences despite maintaining visual quality.
  • Extra denoising steps do not improve tracking because pixel-based diffusion targets provide no supervision for unobserved state.
  • Standard Transformers must repeatedly reconstruct hidden arrangements from history because their append-only KV caches cannot revise state in place.
  • Linear attention with negative transition eigenvalues and nonlinear fast-weight TTT succeed by carrying and updating state across chunks.
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