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Brain-PACE: A Deep Siamese MRI Framework for Modelling Longitudinal Brain Acceleration

Research Medical/Healthcare AI

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TL;DR - Brain-PACE is a Siamese deep-learning framework that directly estimates structural brain-age acceleration from paired T1-weighted MRI. Its stronger associations with cognitive impairment and regional tau burden suggest it may provide a useful longitudinal imaging marker for early neurodegeneration.

  • Brain-PACE detected accelerated ageing in 42.6% of participants with mild cognitive impairment.
  • Faster estimated ageing correlated with worse functional and cognitive scores, including FAQ ($r=0.35$), ADAS13 ($r=0.30$), and CDR-SB ($r=0.32$).
  • It was associated with tau burden in the posterior cingulate ($r=0.59$), precuneus ($r=0.47$), and entorhinal cortex ($r=0.37$).
  • The framework extends LILAC with spatial attention, soft label distributions, and a CramĂ©r-distance objective to reduce bias and provide predictive uncertainty.

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Brain-PACE: A Deep Siamese MRI Framework for Modelling Longitudinal Brain Acceleration

arXiv cs.CV Samuel Maddox, Jacob Newman, Saber Sami, Michal Mackiewicz, for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the Australian Imaging Biomarkers, Lifestyle flagship study of ageing 2026-09-10 arXiv:2609.11378
Public signals Semantic Scholar citations 0 · Semantic Scholar influential citations 0
Providers: Hugging Face · N/A OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · Citations 0 · Influential citations 0 X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-24 14:21:58.425885 UTC

TL;DR - Brain-PACE is a Siamese deep-learning framework that directly estimates structural brain-age acceleration from paired T1-weighted MRI. Its stronger associations with cognitive impairment and regional tau burden suggest it may provide a useful longitudinal imaging marker for early neurodegeneration.

  • Brain-PACE detected accelerated ageing in 42.6% of participants with mild cognitive impairment.
  • Faster estimated ageing correlated with worse functional and cognitive scores, including FAQ ($r=0.35$), ADAS13 ($r=0.30$), and CDR-SB ($r=0.32$).
  • It was associated with tau burden in the posterior cingulate ($r=0.59$), precuneus ($r=0.47$), and entorhinal cortex ($r=0.37$).
  • The framework extends LILAC with spatial attention, soft label distributions, and a CramĂ©r-distance objective to reduce bias and provide predictive uncertainty.
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