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How Do Agent Harnesses Create Value? Planning Information and Release Control in Stateful LLM Agents

Research LLM Agents

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TL;DR - This study measures how planning guidance and completion verification improve stateful LLM agents. Task-specific plans raise success, while inexpensive standalone verification delivers most of the protection against false passes.

  • Fixed plans improved oracle-verified success by 7.17 percentage points across 265 matched cells, with larger gains on complex tasks.
  • A read-only terminal verifier rejected 61% of oracle-invalid Retail episodes but also withheld 17% of correct episodes.
  • Verification added less than $0.01 per episode, and its value increased when erroneous acceptance carried greater liability.
  • At high false-acceptance costs, the standalone verifier captured nearly all the full planning-plus-verification stack’s false-pass benefit at substantially lower cost.

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How Do Agent Harnesses Create Value? Planning Information and Release Control in Stateful LLM Agents

arXiv cs.AI Yukun Zhang, Kemu Xu, Yishen Chen 2026-09-17 arXiv:2609.20474
Public signals Hugging Face upvotes 0
Providers: Hugging Face · Upvotes 0 OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · N/A X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-25 14:18:30.308309 UTC

TL;DR - This study measures how planning guidance and completion verification improve stateful LLM agents. Task-specific plans raise success, while inexpensive standalone verification delivers most of the protection against false passes.

  • Fixed plans improved oracle-verified success by 7.17 percentage points across 265 matched cells, with larger gains on complex tasks.
  • A read-only terminal verifier rejected 61% of oracle-invalid Retail episodes but also withheld 17% of correct episodes.
  • Verification added less than $0.01 per episode, and its value increased when erroneous acceptance carried greater liability.
  • At high false-acceptance costs, the standalone verifier captured nearly all the full planning-plus-verification stack’s false-pass benefit at substantially lower cost.
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