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When Steering Fails in Latent Reasoning: A Latent-to-Language Transition Gap

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TL;DR - This paper finds that activation steering in latent chain-of-thought has much less influence on generated language than comparable steering of explicit reasoning. The results point to a latent-to-language transition gap that future steering methods must address.

  • Task information remains identifiable within continuous latent thoughts, suggesting the weak control is not caused by its absence.
  • Model output distributions change abruptly at the boundary between latent reasoning and language generation.
  • Task-related directions provide substantially weaker bidirectional control in latent CoT than in explicit CoT.
  • The latent-to-language interface emerges as a key target for evaluating and designing latent-steering techniques.

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When Steering Fails in Latent Reasoning: A Latent-to-Language Transition Gap

arXiv cs.CL Gaoxiang Huang, Lei Qi 2026-09-18 arXiv:2609.21662
Public signals Hugging Face upvotes 0
Providers: Hugging Face · Upvotes 0 OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · N/A X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-25 14:17:24.401614 UTC

TL;DR - This paper finds that activation steering in latent chain-of-thought has much less influence on generated language than comparable steering of explicit reasoning. The results point to a latent-to-language transition gap that future steering methods must address.

  • Task information remains identifiable within continuous latent thoughts, suggesting the weak control is not caused by its absence.
  • Model output distributions change abruptly at the boundary between latent reasoning and language generation.
  • Task-related directions provide substantially weaker bidirectional control in latent CoT than in explicit CoT.
  • The latent-to-language interface emerges as a key target for evaluating and designing latent-steering techniques.
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