Cancer Cell：陈云/滕皋军合作发现，肿瘤内细菌增强肝癌免疫治疗效果

TL;DR - A Cancer Cell study identifies a stem-like lymphoid niche (SLN) that predicts stronger PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy responses in hepatocellular carcinoma. Intratumoral Bacillus cereus promotes these niches through secreted PI-PLC, suggesting a microbiome-mediated strategy for improving treatment.

• Spatial multi-omics showed that SLNs contain CD70+ ILC2 cells and TCF1+ precursor-exhausted T cells, distinguishing them from conventional tertiary lymphoid structures.
• B. cereus-derived PI-PLC triggers endothelial IL-33 release, reshaping ILC2 metabolism and epigenetically activating lymphoid-organizing genes.
• Greater SLN abundance was associated with better immune-checkpoint-blockade response.
• Combining PI-PLC with PD-L1 blockade produced synergistic antitumor immunity in the study’s liver-cancer models.