Enhancing reproducibility in hybrid Earth system models

TL;DR - This Perspective proposes a framework for assessing reproducibility in hybrid Earth system models that integrate AI with traditional modelling. It matters because AI can improve prediction while introducing additional barriers to validating and reproducing model results.

• Identifies reproducibility as a growing challenge when AI components are incorporated into Earth system models.
• Introduces a framework for evaluating reproducibility in these hybrid modelling systems.
• Provides practical recommendations for strengthening reproducible research and modelling workflows.
• Focuses on methodological guidance rather than reporting new predictive results.