Mutating every DNA letter of a genome shows surprising effects — and the limits of AI

TL;DR - A genome-wide experiment that mutated every DNA letter in a virus found unexpected biological effects that leading AI models could not reliably predict. The work highlights both the value of exhaustive mutation mapping and current limits of AI-based genomic prediction.

• Researchers systematically rewrote individual DNA positions across an entire viral genome.
• The mutations produced biological consequences that were sometimes surprising.
• Top AI models failed to predict these effects accurately.
• The brief provided does not specify the virus, experimental methods, models tested, or quantitative results.