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$Φ$-Bench: Can Large Language Models Engineer the Infrastructure That Powers Them?

arXiv cs.CL Efficiency & Systems Leilei Ding, Shumin Wang, Yuting Huang, Fanqi Wan, Yinmin Zhang, Qi Han, Yiming Xu, Feiyuan Zhang, Xiaomeng Chu, Guoliang You, Wuyang Zhang, Daxin Jiang, Yanyong Zhang 2026-09-09
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TL;DR - Φ-Bench evaluates whether LLMs can engineer and optimize the infrastructure that powers language models, moving beyond isolated coding tasks to realistic, long-horizon systems work. It highlights remaining barriers to autonomous AI infrastructure optimization.

  • Tasks are derived from frontier optimization problems and grounded in real-world code repositories.
  • Coverage ranges from kernel-level function completion to extended implementation and end-to-end system optimization.
  • The benchmark spans multiple layers of the LLM infrastructure stack and varying levels of complexity.
  • Experiments with frontier LLMs characterize current capabilities and limitations, though the abstract provides no specific performance results.

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