Science｜周斌/吕爱兰合作揭示心肌缺血后新生冠状侧支动脉形成机制
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TL;DR — A Science study showed that most coronary collateral arteries formed after myocardial ischemia originate through capillary-to-artery conversion rather than rearrangement of existing arteries. It also identified a VEGFA–YY1–SETD1A epigenetic pathway that may enable regenerative treatment of ischemic heart disease.
- Dual-recombinase lineage tracing and a tamoxifen-independent synNotch recording system overcame limitations of earlier Cx40-CreER lineage studies and established the capillary origin of most new collateral arteries.
- Ablating these newly formed vessels increased myocardial damage and fibrosis, demonstrating their protective function after ischemia.
- Transient VEGFA delivery using modified mRNA promoted functional artery formation, reduced cardiac scarring, and improved heart function; sustained VEGF receptor activation instead impaired vessel maturation.
- Mechanistically, VEGFA induced YY1, which recruited SETD1A to increase H3K4me3 and HES1 transcription, driving endothelial cells toward an arterial identity.
Note: One supplied source summary concerns an unrelated study of chromosome condensation as a hydrogel phase transition, so it was not merged into this heart-ischemia summary.
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Science｜周斌/吕爱兰合作揭示心肌缺血后新生冠状侧支动脉形成机制
TL;DR - A Science study used multiple genetic lineage-tracing systems to show that most new coronary collateral arteries formed after myocardial ischemia arise from capillary endothelial cells, not rearranged pre-existing arteries. It also identified a VEGFA-driven epigenetic pathway that could inform regenerative treatments for ischemic heart disease.
- Dual-recombinase tracing and a tamoxifen-independent synNotch recording system addressed limitations of prior Cx40-CreER lineage studies.
- Most de novo collateral arteries originated through capillary-to-artery conversion; ablating these vessels increased fibrosis and myocardial damage.
- Transient VEGFA expression via modified mRNA promoted functional artery formation, reduced cardiac scarring, and improved heart function, whereas sustained VEGF receptor activation impaired vessel maturation.
- VEGFA induced YY1, which recruited SETD1A to increase H3K4me3 and HES1 transcription, driving endothelial cells toward an arterial fate.
Science｜真核染色体是一种带电水凝胶，通过体积相变实现凝缩
TL;DR - A Science study proposes that eukaryotic chromosomes behave as charged hydrogels, condensing through a reversible volume phase transition. This separates physical chromatin compaction from SMC-driven organization of chromosomes into rod-like shapes.
- Isolated mitotic chromosomes expanded nearly tenfold after multivalent cations were removed and recondensed when spermidine was restored, with isotropic and repeatable volume changes.
- A polyelectrolyte-gel model attributes chromosome volume to competing network elasticity, polymer–water mixing, Donnan osmotic pressure, and cation–chromatin binding.
- Hysteresis and coexistence of condensed and swollen regions support a first-order transition between two stable or metastable states.
- Macromolecular crowding, proteins, ions, and polyamines favor condensation, suggesting compact chromatin may be the cellular default while modifications such as histone acetylation maintain local openness.