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EviSafe: Evidence-Grounded Safety Evaluation for Vision-Language Models

Research Multimodal & Generative

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Merged summary

TL;DR - EviSafe is an evidence-grounded framework and benchmark that tests whether vision-language models make safe decisions based on the correct textual and visual evidence. Results across 11 VLMs reveal large gaps between apparently safe responses and genuinely grounded safety reasoning.

  • EviSafeBench contains 1,181 gold image-text scenarios and 2,452 targeted counterfactual variants spanning eight safety domains and eight risk-source types.
  • Its three-probe protocol evaluates natural responses, evidence reporting, and reactions to counterfactual changes in safety-critical evidence.
  • Natural severity accuracy ranged from 27.6% to 52.8%, while relaxed diagnostic consistency reached only 6.1% to 29.3%.
  • Unsafe-to-safe counterfactual transition success ranged from 30.4% to 58.4%, motivating evaluation beyond refusal rates alone.

Sources (1)

EviSafe: Evidence-Grounded Safety Evaluation for Vision-Language Models

arXiv cs.AI Xuetong Li, Gaofeng Liu 2026-08-24 arXiv:2608.23313
Public signals Hugging Face upvotes 0
Providers: Hugging Face · Upvotes 0 OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · N/A X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-24 14:34:13.367545 UTC

TL;DR - EviSafe is an evidence-grounded framework and benchmark that tests whether vision-language models make safe decisions based on the correct textual and visual evidence. Results across 11 VLMs reveal large gaps between apparently safe responses and genuinely grounded safety reasoning.

  • EviSafeBench contains 1,181 gold image-text scenarios and 2,452 targeted counterfactual variants spanning eight safety domains and eight risk-source types.
  • Its three-probe protocol evaluates natural responses, evidence reporting, and reactions to counterfactual changes in safety-critical evidence.
  • Natural severity accuracy ranged from 27.6% to 52.8%, while relaxed diagnostic consistency reached only 6.1% to 29.3%.
  • Unsafe-to-safe counterfactual transition success ranged from 30.4% to 58.4%, motivating evaluation beyond refusal rates alone.
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