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A Probabilistic Interpretation of KV Cache Eviction

Research Efficiency & Systems

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TL;DR - This paper formalizes KV-cache eviction as a computationally hard probabilistic estimation problem and proposes sampling-based eviction with decode-time correction. The approach is more robust across tasks than existing heuristic methods while remaining competitive at the same cache-compression budget.

  • Recasts KV-cache eviction as expectation estimation, enabling principled sampling-based approximations.
  • Introduces decode-time correction to account for entries removed from the cache.
  • Interprets existing eviction methods as zero-variance biased estimators that can be adapted to support correction.
  • Empirically improves cross-task robustness while preserving competitive quality and compression.

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A Probabilistic Interpretation of KV Cache Eviction

arXiv cs.CL Renato Geh, Alex Chen, Daniel Israel, Aditya Grover, Guy Van den Broeck 2026-08-28 arXiv:2608.28293
Public signals Semantic Scholar citations 0 · Semantic Scholar influential citations 0
Providers: Hugging Face · N/A OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · Citations 0 · Influential citations 0 X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-21 14:28:20.642411 UTC

TL;DR - This paper formalizes KV-cache eviction as a computationally hard probabilistic estimation problem and proposes sampling-based eviction with decode-time correction. The approach is more robust across tasks than existing heuristic methods while remaining competitive at the same cache-compression budget.

  • Recasts KV-cache eviction as expectation estimation, enabling principled sampling-based approximations.
  • Introduces decode-time correction to account for entries removed from the cache.
  • Interprets existing eviction methods as zero-variance biased estimators that can be adapted to support correction.
  • Empirically improves cross-task robustness while preserving competitive quality and compression.
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