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Self-Play Meets Skill Evolution: Self-Evolving Search Agents that Pose, Solve, and Remember

Research LLM Agents

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TL;DR - SESA (Self-Evolving Skill-Augmented Agent) couples self-play task generation with an evolving procedural skill memory, so a challenger's problem distribution and the solver's skill bank co-evolve instead of the curriculum being stateless. It matters because it shows external memory can reshape policy learning itself, not just serve as an inference-time add-on.

  • Architecture: a challenger poses problems while a separately parameterized solver retrieves skills; informative failures are distilled into reusable skills written back to memory, and updated memory shifts solver success, challenger reward, and future problem distribution — a bidirectional loop.
  • Because retrieved skills shape on-policy training trajectories, gains are absorbed into model parameters, allowing memory-free deployment (SESA-Off) with optional inference-time retrieval.
  • Results across seven open-domain and multi-hop QA benchmarks: +1.2–3.2 average accuracy points over SSP across backbones, +0.9 over the skill-augmented SkillRL baseline under a unified protocol.
  • On Qwen3, SESA-Off keeps 1.8–2.2 points over SSP without the memory bank, and re-adding the final skill bank contributes another 0.5–1.0 points; code is released publicly.

Sources (1)

Self-Play Meets Skill Evolution: Self-Evolving Search Agents that Pose, Solve, and Remember

arXiv cs.AI Zenghuang Fu, Zhaoyang Li, Qiuyuan Ai, Haoyu Wu, Minghui Wu, Chenxu Zhao, Ante Wang, Guannan He, Changwei Wang 2026-07-31 arXiv:2607.29468
Public signals Hugging Face upvotes 0
Providers: Hugging Face · Upvotes 0 OpenAlex · N/A Publisher · N/A Semantic Scholar · N/A X · N/A Fetched 2026-09-02 14:29:46.012966 UTC

TL;DR - SESA (Self-Evolving Skill-Augmented Agent) couples self-play task generation with an evolving procedural skill memory, so a challenger's problem distribution and the solver's skill bank co-evolve instead of the curriculum being stateless. It matters because it shows external memory can reshape policy learning itself, not just serve as an inference-time add-on.

  • Architecture: a challenger poses problems while a separately parameterized solver retrieves skills; informative failures are distilled into reusable skills written back to memory, and updated memory shifts solver success, challenger reward, and future problem distribution — a bidirectional loop.
  • Because retrieved skills shape on-policy training trajectories, gains are absorbed into model parameters, allowing memory-free deployment (SESA-Off) with optional inference-time retrieval.
  • Results across seven open-domain and multi-hop QA benchmarks: +1.2–3.2 average accuracy points over SSP across backbones, +0.9 over the skill-augmented SkillRL baseline under a unified protocol.
  • On Qwen3, SESA-Off keeps 1.8–2.2 points over SSP without the memory bank, and re-adding the final skill bank contributes another 0.5–1.0 points; code is released publicly.
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